Presentation Title: Sheath-Run Artificial Muscles and Their Use for Robotics, Environmental Energy Harvesters, Comfort Adjusting Textiles, and Electricity Generation
Prof. Ray Baughman presented this talk in the webinar on Materials Science, Engineering and Technology organized by Vebleo
Author: Jiuke Mu and Ray H. Baughman
Affiliation: Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
Biography
Prof. Ray Baughman received a B.S. in Physics from Carnegie Mellon University and a Ph.D. in the Materials Science area from Harvard University. Upon graduation he went to Allied Chemical, which later became AlliedSignal and then Honeywell. In August 2001, Prof. Ray Baughman became the Robert A. Welch Chair in Chemistry and Director of the Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute at the University of Texas in Dallas.
Prof. Ray Baughman is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, the Academy of Medicine, Engineering and Science of Texas, the Academia Europaea, and the European Academy of Sciences and Arts; a foreign member of the European Academy of Sciences; a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, the National Academy of Inventors, and the American Physical Society; an Academician of The Russian Academy of Natural Sciences; an honorary professor of 8 universities in China; and is on editorial or advisory boards of Science and other journals.
Prof. Ray Baughman has 90 issued US patents and over 440 refereed publications, with over 40,500 citations and a Web of Science h-index of 119.
He has received the Chemical Pioneer Award of the American Institute of Chemists (1995), the Cooperative Research Award in Polymer Science and Engineering (1996), the New Materials Innovation Prize of the Avantex International Forum for Innovative Textiles (2005), Nano 50 Awards from Nanotech Briefs Magazine for Carbon Nanotube Sheets and Yarns (2006) and for Fuel Powered Artificial Muscles (2007), the NanoVic Prize from Australia (2006), the Scientific American Magazine 50 recognition for outstanding technological leadership (2006), the CSIRO Metal for Research Achievement (2006), the Chancellor’s Entrepreneurship and Invention Award (2007).
The 21 for the 21st Century award (2007), the Alumni Distinguished Achievement Award of Carnegie Mellon University (2007), the Kapitza Metal of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (2007), the Graffin Lectureship of the American Carbon Society (2010), the Tech Titans Award in Education (2011), Time Magazine recognition in 50 Best Inventions of the Year (2011), the SGL Carbon Award of the American Carbon Society (2013), the Tech Titans Technology Inventors Award (2015), the 2015 Inventor Award for Energy Harvesting Materials and Systems, and the R&D 100 Gold Award for Market Disruptor Product (2015).
Prof. Ray Baughman was named the Honorable Yang Shi-Xiang Professor of Nankai University and the Honorable Tang Aoqing Professor of Jilin University in 2010, and was listed 30th in the Top 100 Material Scientists of the Decade (2000-2010) and the Top 1% Most Cited in Cross-Fields in 2018. Baughman Laboratories were established in his honor in China in 2014 at the Jiangnan Graphene Research Institute in Changzhou and in 2018 at the University of Science and Technology in Liaoning.
Abstract
Remarkable performance has been obtained for tensile and torsional carbon nanotube hybrid yarn muscles, whose actuation is driven by the volume change of a guest within a twisted or coiled carbon nanotube yarn. During thermally-powered contraction, coiled hybrid muscles can deliver 29 times the work as the same weight human muscle.
We here describe our new sheath-run artificial muscles (SRAMs), which eliminate major problems that exist for our carbon nanotube hybrid muscles: (a) carbon nanotube yarns are expensive and (b) yarn guest near yarn center does not efficiently contribute to actuation. An actuated guest sheath on a twisted or coiled polymer fiber or yarn drives actuation for our new sheath-run artificial muscles.
This configuration change dramatically increases muscle power and enables cheap commercialized yarns to replace expensive carbon nanotube yarns. As electrochemical SRAM generates 1.98 W/g of average contractile power – 40 times that for human muscle and 9.0 times that of the highest power alternative electrochemical muscle.
Electrothermal PEO-SO3@CNT SRAMs operated in air and in room-temperature water to produce 2.6 W/g (at 9 Hz) and 9.0 W/g (at 12 Hz) of full-cycle contractile power, respectively, compared with the 0.05 W/g typical of human muscle. SRAMs are woven to make textiles that automatically change porosity in response to perspiration and temperature for comfort adjusting clothing. In combination, with our twistron yarn mechanical-to-electrical energy converters, the SRAMs can be used to harvest waste chemical or thermal energy as electrical energy.
This talk was delivered in the webinar organized by Vebleo